The people's governments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, ministries and commissions under the State Council, and their respective agencies:
Agricultural mechanization and agricultural machinery and equipment are important foundations for transforming agricultural development methods and improving rural productivity, and are an important support for implementing rural revitalization strategies. Without agricultural mechanization, there will be no modernization of agriculture and rural areas. In recent years, China's agricultural machinery manufacturing water has increased steadily, the total amount of agricultural machinery and equipment has continued to grow, and the level of agricultural machinery operations has increased rapidly. Agricultural production has shifted from relying mainly on human and animal power to relying mainly on mechanical power, and has entered a new stage dominated by mechanization. However, due to the diverse demand for agricultural machinery products and the complex operating environment of machinery and equipment, the current imbalance in the development of agricultural mechanization and agricultural machinery and equipment industry is not obvious. In particular, the agricultural machinery technological innovation ability is not strong, some agricultural machinery and equipment are effectively insufficiently supplied, and agricultural machinery and agronomy The problems of insufficient integration and lag in the construction of agricultural machinery infrastructure are urgently needed to be resolved. In order to accelerate the transformation and upgrading of agricultural mechanization and agricultural machinery and equipment industry, the following opinions are proposed.
First, the overall requirements
(1) Guiding ideology. Guided by Xi Jinping's new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, comprehensively implement the spirit of the 19th and 19th Central Committees of the Party, conscientiously implement the decision-making arrangements of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, and closely promote the overallization of the "five in one" Layout and coordination promote the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, firmly establish and implement the new development concept, adapt to the supply-side structural reform requirements, serve the rural revitalization strategy, meet the needs of hundreds of millions of farmers for mechanized production, and aim at agricultural machinery and agronomy Integration, mechanization of information integration, agricultural machinery service mode and agricultural moderate scale operation, mechanized production and farmland construction as the path, with scientific and technological innovation, mechanism innovation, policy innovation as the driving force, complementing shortcomings, strengths and weaknesses, promoting coordination Promote the transformation of agricultural machinery and equipment industry to high-quality development, promote the comprehensive and high-quality and efficient upgrading of agricultural mechanization, and embark on a road of agricultural mechanization with Chinese characteristics, and provide strong support for the modernization of agriculture and rural areas.
(2) Development goals.
By 2020, the technological innovation capability of the agricultural machinery and equipment industry will continue to improve, and the problem of “inorganic availability” in the weak links of major economic crops will be basically solved. The total power of agricultural machinery in the country exceeds 1 billion kilowatts, of which the mechanical power of irrigation and drainage reaches 120 million kilowatts. The configuration of agricultural machinery and equipment is further optimized, the operating conditions of agricultural machinery are accelerated, the field of agricultural machinery social services is accelerated, and the efficiency of agricultural machinery is further improved. The comprehensive mechanization rate of crop cultivation and harvesting in the country reached 70%. The main food crops such as wheat, rice and corn were basically mechanized. The whole mechanized production system of cotton, sugar, fruit and tea and other large-scale economic crops was basically established. Facility agriculture, animal husbandry and aquatic products were established. Significant progress has been made in the mechanization of farming and agricultural products.
By 2025, the agricultural machinery and equipment categories are basically complete, the key agricultural machinery products and key components are synergistically developed, the product quality and reliability have reached the international advanced level, the product and technology supply basically meet the needs, and the agricultural machinery equipment industry has entered a high-quality development stage. The total power of agricultural machinery in the country is stable at about 1.1 billion kilowatts, of which the mechanical power of irrigation and drainage reaches 130 million kilowatts. The configuration of agricultural machinery and equipment tends to be reasonable, the operating conditions of agricultural machinery are significantly improved, and the agricultural social service system covering agricultural production before and after production is basically established. The use efficiency of agricultural machinery has been significantly improved, and agricultural mechanization has entered a period of comprehensive, high quality and high efficiency. The comprehensive mechanization rate of crop cultivation and harvesting in the country reached 75%, and the main mechanized counties (cities, districts) of grain, cotton and oilseeds basically realized agricultural mechanization, and the comprehensive mechanization rate of crop cultivation and harvesting in hilly mountainous counties (cities, districts) reached 55%. The mechanization of weak links has been comprehensively broken. The rate of potato planting and harvesting has reached 45%, the mechanization rate of cotton harvest has reached 60%, the mechanization rate of peanut planting and harvesting has reached 65% and 55%, respectively. The mechanization rate of rapeseed planting and harvesting has reached 50 respectively. % and 65%, the mechanization rate of sugarcane harvest reached 30%, and the mechanization rate of facility agriculture, animal husbandry, aquaculture and primary processing of agricultural products reached 50%.
Second, accelerate the promotion of high-quality development of agricultural machinery and equipment industry
(3) Improve the agricultural machinery equipment innovation system. Aiming at the demand for agricultural mechanization, accelerating the innovation of agricultural machinery and equipment, researching and developing various types of agricultural machinery suitable for national conditions, farmers' needs, and advanced and applicable, it is necessary to develop large and medium-sized agricultural machinery that can adapt to various forms of moderate scale operation, and also develop to adapt to small-scale agricultural production and hilly mountainous areas. Small-scale agricultural machinery and high-efficiency special agricultural machinery that meets the needs of special crop production and special breeding. Strengthen top-level design and dynamic assessment, establish and improve collaborative coordination mechanism for departmental coordination and coverage of related industries, enhance the original innovation capability of research institutes, improve the enterprise-oriented and market-oriented agricultural machinery equipment innovation system, and research and deploy a new generation of intelligent agriculture. Equipped with scientific research projects, support the in-depth integration of industry, academia and research, promote the construction of agricultural machinery equipment innovation centers and industrial technology innovation alliances, and jointly carry out basic frontiers and key common technology research, and promote comprehensive mechanization and innovation development of planting and grain feeding. Encourage enterprises to carry out high-end agricultural machinery equipment engineering verification, strengthen the docking with new agricultural management entities, explore the establishment of "enterprise + cooperatives + base" agricultural machinery products research and development, production, promotion of new models, and continuously enhance innovation capabilities. Incubate and cultivate a group of high-tech agricultural machinery enterprises with high technical level and great growth potential, and promote the development of high-tech industries in the field of agricultural machinery and equipment. (Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, etc. The first one is the lead unit, the same below)
(4) Promoting the coordinated development of the entire industrial chain of agricultural machinery and equipment. Support upstream and downstream enterprises in the agricultural machinery and equipment industry chain to strengthen coordination and overcome the "card neck" problem of basic materials, basic processes and electronic information. Guide the component companies and the whole machine enterprises to build a new cooperation mechanism of cost sharing and benefit sharing, and promote the research and development of new energy-efficient agricultural engines, high-powered steering axles and sensors for agricultural machinery and equipment, and accelerate the industrialization of key technologies. Promote the whole machine enterprise to strengthen technological innovation and internal management, enhance the intelligent manufacturing level and quality control ability, and explore new business models such as personalized customization, network precision marketing, and online support services. Establish and improve the modern agricultural machinery circulation system and after-sales service network, and innovate the modern agricultural machinery service model. (Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ministry of Commerce, etc.)
(5) Optimizing the industrial structure of agricultural machinery and equipment. Encourage large-scale enterprises to shift from single-machine manufacturing to complete equipment integration, and support small and medium-sized enterprises to develop in the direction of “specialization, precision, speciality and newness” and build an industrial structure of coordinated development of large and medium-sized enterprises. According to China's agricultural production layout and regional topographical characteristics, it closely combines the needs of agricultural industry development, and takes advantage of agricultural machinery and equipment enterprises as the leader to drive the construction of regional characteristic industrial clusters and promote the balanced and coordinated development of agricultural machinery and equipment. Support enterprises to strengthen the research and development of agricultural machinery equipment, optimize resource allocation, and actively cultivate agricultural machinery equipment manufacturing enterprise groups with international competitiveness. Promote advanced agricultural machinery technology and products to “go global”, encourage superior enterprises to participate in foreign aid and international cooperation projects, enhance international management capabilities, and serve the “Belt and Road” construction. (Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ministry of Commerce, State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, International Development Cooperation Agency, etc.)
(6) Strengthening the reliability construction of agricultural machinery equipment. Accelerate the formulation of standards for precision agriculture, intelligent agricultural machinery, and green agricultural machinery, and build a modern agricultural machinery equipment standard system. Strengthen the research on measurement and testing technology of agricultural machinery and equipment industry, and support the technological innovation of agricultural machinery and equipment industry. Establish and improve the inspection and certification system for agricultural machinery and equipment, support the establishment of public service platform for inspection, testing and certification in key areas of agricultural machinery and equipment industry, and improve the test of safety, environmental adaptability, equipment reliability and maintainability for agricultural machinery equipment parts and complete machines. And identification capabilities. Implement compulsory product certification for products involving personal safety, vigorously promote voluntary certification of agricultural machinery and equipment products, and promote the certification results of agricultural machinery purchase subsidy equipment qualification and agricultural machinery products. Strengthen the supervision of the quality of agricultural machinery products, strengthen the responsibility of the main body of the quality of the enterprise, and implement the industry standard management of key products. Supervise the agricultural machinery and equipment industry to vigorously carry out honesty and self-discipline actions and quality improvement actions, strengthen intellectual property protection, increase efforts to crack down on and punish quality violations and counterfeit brand behaviors, and carry out special campaigns to increase varieties, improve quality, and create brand “three products”. (Responsible for the General Administration of Market Supervision, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, etc.)
Third, focus on promoting the entire mechanization of major crop production
(7) Accelerate the completion of the complete process of mechanized production shortcomings. Focus on weak links, increase experimental demonstration and service support, and focus on improving mechanized planting of rice in the double-season rice region, mechanized planting and harvesting of rapeseed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and mechanized harvesting levels in the main producing areas of potato, peanut, cotton and alfalfa. Accelerate the integration of high-efficiency plant protection, production area drying, straw treatment and mechanization integration with the cultivation and collection links, and explore the mechanized solutions for the main crop production with regional characteristics. Vigorously develop the whole process of mechanization of sugar cane production, and create a model of the advantageous area of characteristic agricultural products. According to the regulations, the new agricultural business entities will be subsidized for the production services of deep-plowing and deep-slung, machine-splitting and other production services, and vigorously promote the mechanization of pre-production and post-production. (Agricultural and Rural Ministry, Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Finance, etc.)
(8) Cooperating to build an efficient mechanized production system. Speed up the selection and promotion of varieties suitable for mechanized operations and light and simplified cultivation. Adapting mechanization as an important goal of crop variety approval, farming system reform, post-production processing technology improvement, farmland basic construction, etc., promotes improved varieties, good practices, good land, and good opportunities, and creates conditions for mechanized operation and large-scale production. Support the construction of modern agricultural industrial technology systems, scientific and technological innovation alliances, collaborative innovation centers, etc., give full play to the leading role of modern agricultural industrial parks, agricultural science and technology parks, and returning hometowns, and improve the technological innovation capability of agricultural mechanization and strengthen production, education and research. Promote joint research, promote multi-disciplinary cultivation of variety cultivation equipment, pre-production, post-production and post-production linkages, and accelerate the integration and demonstration of mechanization technology for major crop production. We will implement the whole mechanized promotion action of major crop production, and take the lead in creating a group of comprehensive demonstration demonstration counties (fields) in the grain production function zone, important agricultural product production protection zone, special agricultural product advantage zone and national modern agricultural demonstration zone, and guide the qualified provinces and cities. The county and the reclamation area took the lead in basically achieving mechanization of the main crop production. (Agricultural and Rural Ministry, Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, etc.)
Fourth, vigorously promote the advanced and applicable agricultural machinery equipment and mechanization technology
(9) Strengthening the demonstration and promotion of new technologies for green and efficient new machines. Focusing on the adjustment of agricultural structure, we will accelerate the development of agricultural machinery equipment and technology in industries such as fruit and vegetable tea, pasture, modern seed production, animal husbandry and fishery, facility agriculture and primary processing of agricultural products, and promote the comprehensive mechanization of agricultural production. Strengthen the research and innovation of weak mechanization of agricultural mechanization technology and the research and development, promotion and application of agricultural machinery and equipment, and overcome the technical problems that restrict the overall high quality and efficient development of agricultural mechanization. Stabilize the implementation of agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy, treat domestic and foreign agricultural machinery products equally, maximize the effectiveness of policies, and vigorously support conservation tillage, straw returning to fields, precision sowing, precision application, efficient fertilization, water and fertilizer integration, water conservation Demonstration and promotion of green and efficient mechanical equipment and technology such as irrigation, residual film recycling, efficient harvesting of forage materials, harmless treatment of dead animals and poultry, and resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure. We will increase the pilot subsidies for new agricultural products subsidies, and support the demonstration and promotion of high horsepower, high performance and features, and new equipment for duplex agricultural machinery. Encourage financial institutions to carry out mortgage loans for large-scale agricultural machinery and equipment with clear ownership, and encourage qualified places to explore discounts on purchase of large-scale agricultural machinery and equipment loans. Actively promote the retirement of agricultural machinery, speed up the elimination of old agricultural machinery and equipment, and promote the promotion and application of new technologies. Actively develop agricultural aviation, standardize and promote the promotion and application of plant protection drones. (Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Transport, Ministry of Commerce, People's Bank of China, Banking Regulatory Commission, Civil Aviation Bureau, etc.)
(10) Promote the demonstration application of smart agriculture. Promote the application of information technology such as Internet of Things, big data, mobile Internet, intelligent control, satellite positioning, etc. in agricultural machinery and equipment. Formulate high-end agricultural machinery equipment technology roadmap to guide the development of intelligent and efficient agricultural machinery and equipment. Support superior enterprises to connect key users, form a mutual promotion mechanism for R&D, production, promotion and application, and realize intelligent, green and service transformation. We will build digital agricultural demonstration bases for precision crop cultivation, intelligent farming, and intelligent production of horticultural crops in the field, and promote the development of intelligent agricultural machinery, smart agriculture, and cloud farm construction. Promote "Internet + agricultural machinery operations", accelerate the promotion and application of agricultural machinery operation monitoring, maintenance diagnosis, remote scheduling and other information service platforms, achieve data information interconnection and sharing, improve the quality and efficiency of agricultural machinery operations. (Agricultural and Rural Ministry, Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, etc.)
(11) Improve the ability of agricultural mechanization technology to promote. Strengthen the capacity building of agricultural mechanization technology promotion institutions and increase the testing and verification of new technologies. Promote government procurement services, encourage agricultural machinery research and extension personnel to carry out technical cooperation with agricultural machinery production enterprises and new agricultural management entities, and support agricultural machinery production enterprises, scientific research and teaching units, and agricultural machinery service organizations to participate in technology promotion. Using modern information technology, we will innovate new ways of experiential and participatory promotion such as “Field Day” to effectively improve the promotion effect of agricultural mechanization technology. Improve the ability of agricultural machinery public welfare test and identification, speed up the testing and identification of new agricultural machinery products, and give full play to the evaluation and promotion of agricultural machinery test identification. (Responsible for the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology)
V. Actively develop agricultural machinery socialization services
(12) Develop agricultural social service organizations. We will cultivate and expand large-scale agricultural machinery, agricultural machinery professional households, agricultural machinery cooperatives, agricultural machinery operation companies and other new agricultural machinery service organizations, support agricultural machinery service organizations to carry out various forms of moderate scale operations, and encourage new agricultural business entities such as family farms and agricultural enterprises to engage in agricultural machinery operation services. Implement agricultural machinery service financial support policies, guide financial institutions to increase credit supply to agricultural machinery enterprises and new agricultural machinery service organizations, flexibly develop various types of credit products and provide personalized financing solutions; and, in compliance with the precautions, follow the prescribed procedures Agricultural machinery financing leasing business and credit guarantee service for new agricultural business entities such as family farms, agricultural machinery cooperatives, and agricultural enterprises. Encourage the development of agricultural machinery insurance, strengthen business guidance, encourage qualified agricultural machinery provinces to select key agricultural machinery varieties, and support the development of agricultural machinery insurance. The agricultural machinery financing leasing service shall apply the VAT preferential policy according to the regulations, and allow the actual users of the rental agricultural machinery and other equipment to enjoy the agricultural machinery purchase subsidy as required. Agricultural machinery farming services are subject to the VAT exemption policy as required. (Responsible for the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the Ministry of Finance, the People's Bank of China, the State Administration of Taxation, and the Banking Regulatory Commission)
(13) Promote innovation in agricultural machinery service mechanism. Encourage agricultural machinery service entities to carry out efficient and convenient agricultural machinery operation services through cross-regional operations, order operations, and agricultural production custody, and promote the organic connection between small farmers and modern agricultural development. For agricultural machinery services that promote the green development of agriculture, we will actively promote the provision of services through government procurement services. Encourage agricultural machinery service entities and family farms, large planters, ordinary farmers and agricultural enterprises
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